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Cutting Data 257

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Surface finishing

Tools made of high speed steel or carbide because of their generally good basic properties are supplied with a bright finish without extra surface treatment. For special applications it is recommended that tools are optimised for diverse applications at surface finishing processes, to achieve the following goals:

– Extension of the tool's life – Reduced cutting force – Increased cutting speed and feed rate

Surface finishing benefits at a glance TiN

Wear- and diffusion resistance

TiCN

Hardness, toughness

TiAIN

Heat hardness, oxidation stability Hardness, toughness, wear resistance

Fire

– Improved surface finish – Improved dry processing – Optimised hard processing

Steam tempered

Lower slippage resistance

Cutting Tools 2

Nitrated

Hardness, wear resistance on cast iron Extreme hardness, extreme heat resistance High hardness, low friction coefficient

Signum

ZrN

Fire coating (TiAIN/TiN) Fire Fire is a TiAIN/TiN multi-layer coating with a gradient structure. The combined benefits of TiAlN and TiN coatings are very good wear resistance with high thermal stability, hardness and toughness. In addition to the conventional wet application, this layer can also be used for minimum quantity lubrication and dry machining. ZrN Zirconium-nitride is suitable for machining non-ferrous materials, and especially for aluminum alloys. This coating is not good for cold welding of aluminium. Associated with high layer hardness and oxidation resistance are advantages that increase tool service life and effective feed rate and cutting speed. Steam tempered Steam tempering is a form of surface processing which reduces slide resistance and prevents edge build-up. Cold welding can also be avoided. Steam tempering is primarily used with drills and thread bores. Nitrated Nitriding is a surface machining process that increases hardness and wear resistance. Particularly for working with highly abrasive materials such as cast iron, which nitriding is particularly suitable for. Nitriding is primarily used with drills and thread bores. Signum Due to the special nano-composite structure with a protective layer of TiALN and SiN, this coating, with 5500 HV, is one of the hardest on the market. Particularly for hard machinability materials. High heat wear resistance combined with high diffusion resistance. Zirconium nitride coating Steam tempering Nitriding Signum coating (TiALN/SiN)

Titanium-nitride coating TiN Titanium-nitride is a gold-coloured protective layer applied by a PVD process (Physical Vapour Deposition). Higher hardness combined with a lower friction coefficient achieves a significantly longer service life and improved cutting performance. TiN coating is primarily used for drills and thread bores. TiCN Titanium carbon-nitride is a wear-protection layer applied by PVD, being harder than TiN and having a lower friction coefficient. Tool performance is increased through greater hardness and ductility combined with improved wear. The TiCN coating is primarily used for NC drill bits, thread bores and end mills. Titanium carbon-nitride coating Titanium aluminium-nitride is a multi-layer ceramic coating applied using the PVD method. The resulting greater hardness and oxidation stability make this coating ideal for higher speeds and feed rates for extended tool life. The TiAlN coating is used mainly in drilling and milling machine processes, and is also recommended for dry processing. Titaninum aluminium-nitride S coating TiAlN-S This coating is particularly recommended for machining hardened materials (> 70 HRC). It is used mainly for end mills and is characterised by high wear resistance. Dry machining is also possible as is HSC machining. Titaninum aluminium-nitride coating TiAIN

Diamond coating Diamond This coating is particularly suitable for the processing of reinforced plastics, aluminum and copper alloys. The friction coefficient on steel is very low.

Surface finishing processes compared

Surface

Colour

Coating structure

Thickness

Hardness

Friction coefficient

Application

Finish

µm

HV

versus steel temperature

gold-yellow light brown

single-layer multi-layer multi-layer multi-layer

1 –4 1 –4

2300 3000 3200 4500 5000 3300 3400 400 1300 5500

0.50 0.40 0.55 0.45 0.15 0.60 0.50

max. 600° max. 400° max. 750° max. 1200° max. 350° max. 850° max. 900° max. 550° max. 550° max. 800°

TiN

TiCN

violet

3

TiAIN

blue

0.5–4 0.5–2 2 –6 0.1–3

TiAlN-S

black

–

Diamond

red

multi-layer multi-layer

Fire

light-gold

ZrN

grey

surface treatment surface treatment

max. 5

– –

Nitrated Steam tempered

silver-grey red-bronze

20

multi-layer

1 –5

0.55

Signum

2/3